Impact on alcohol-related mortality of a rapid rise in the density of private liquor outlets in British Columbia: a local area multi-level analysis

ABSTRACT Aims  To study relationships between rates of alcohol‐related deaths and (i) the density of liquor outlets and (ii) the proportion of liquor stores owned privately in British Columbia (BC) during a period of rapid increase in private stores. Design  Multi‐level regression analyses assessed...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Addiction (Abingdon, England) England), 2011-04, Vol.106 (4), p.768-776
Main Authors: Stockwell, Tim, Zhao, Jinhui, Macdonald, Scott, Vallance, Kate, Gruenewald, Paul, Ponicki, William, Holder, Harold, Treno, Andrew
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Addictive behaviors
Adolescent
Adult
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Alcohol
alcohol consumption
Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology
Alcohol Drinking - legislation & jurisprudence
Alcohol regulation
Alcohol use
Alcohol-Related Disorders - mortality
Alcoholic beverages
Alcoholic Beverages - economics
Alcoholic Beverages - supply & distribution
Alcoholism
Alcoholism and acute alcohol poisoning
Analysis of Variance
Biological and medical sciences
British Columbia - epidemiology
Canada
Commerce - statistics & numerical data
Commerce - trends
Death
Epidemiology
Female
General aspects
government monopoly
Humans
Impact analysis
Liquor stores
Male
Medical sciences
Mortality
Mortality - trends
Multilevel Analysis
Population
privatization
Privatization - trends
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Restaurants - statistics & numerical data
Retail prices
Retail trade
Sales
Socioeconomic Factors
Toxicology
Young Adult
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Summary:ABSTRACT Aims  To study relationships between rates of alcohol‐related deaths and (i) the density of liquor outlets and (ii) the proportion of liquor stores owned privately in British Columbia (BC) during a period of rapid increase in private stores. Design  Multi‐level regression analyses assessed the relationship between population rates of private liquor stores and alcohol‐related mortality after adjusting for potential confounding. Setting  The 89 local health areas of BC, Canada across a 6‐year period from 2003 to 2008, for a longitudinal sample with n = 534. Measurements  Population rates of liquor store density, alcohol‐related death and socio‐economic variables obtained from government sources. Findings  The total number of liquor stores per 1000 residents was associated significantly and positively with population rates of alcohol‐related death (P 
ISSN:0965-2140
1360-0443
DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03331.x