Activity of Matricaria chamomilla essential oil against anisakiasis

The increase in diagnosed cases of anisakiasis and the virtual absence of effective treatments have prompted the search for new active compounds against Anisakis L3 larvae. The biocidal efficacy against different pathogens shown by various essential oils (EO) led us to study the Matricaria chamomill...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytomedicine (Stuttgart) 2012-04, Vol.19 (6), p.520-523
Main Authors: Romero, Maria del Carmen, Valero, Adela, Martín-Sánchez, Joaquina, Navarro-Moll, María Concepción
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anisakiasis
Anisakiasis - drug therapy
Anisakis
Anisakis - drug effects
Antinematodal Agents - pharmacology
Azulenes - pharmacology
Care and treatment
Chamomile
Cuticles
Drug Evaluation
Essences and essential oils
Essential oil
Essential oils
Female
Flowers - chemistry
Humans
Intestine
Larva - drug effects
Matricaria
Matricaria - chemistry
Matricaria chamomilla
Nematoda
Oils, Volatile - pharmacology
Pathogens
Physiological aspects
Phytotherapy
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Properties
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Roundworm infections
Rupture
Sesquiterpenes - pharmacology
Spain
α-Bisabolol
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Summary:The increase in diagnosed cases of anisakiasis and the virtual absence of effective treatments have prompted the search for new active compounds against Anisakis L3 larvae. The biocidal efficacy against different pathogens shown by various essential oils (EO) led us to study the Matricaria chamomilla EO and two of its main components (chamazulene and α-bisabolol) against the L3 larvae of Anisakis type I. The activity of M. chamomilla EO, chamazulene and α-bisabolol was established by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The EO (125μg/ml) caused the death of all nematodes, which showed cuticle changes and intestinal wall rupture. In the in vivo assays, only 2.2%±1.8 of infected rats treated with M. chamomilla EO showed gastric wall lesions in comparison to 93.3%±3.9 of control. Chamazulene was ineffective, while α-bisabolol showed a high activity to that of the EO in vitro tests but proved less active in vivo. These findings suggest that the larvicidal activity may result from the synergistic action of different compounds of M. chamomilla EO. Neither of the tested products induces irritative damage in the intestinal tissues. In conclusion, M. chamomilla EO is a good candidate for further investigation as a biocidal agent against Anisakis type I.
ISSN:0944-7113
1618-095X
DOI:10.1016/j.phymed.2012.02.005