Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Executive Summary * Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) includes symptoms of excessive daytime somnolence, snoring, and witnessed apneic events. * The average number of hypopneic and apneic events per hour of sleep are used to grade the severity of OSA using the apnea-hypopnea index. * The gold standard f...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Primary care reports 2015-07, Vol.21 (7)
Main Authors: Dugan, Joy A, Fagan, Matthew J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Apnea
Body mass index
Cardiology
Cardiovascular disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Continuous positive airway pressure
Councils
Diabetes
Diagnostic systems
Health risk assessment
Heart failure
Hypertension
Hypoglossal nerve
Insomnia
Kidney diseases
Mens health
Mortality
Nervous system
Night
Obesity
Pressure
Respiratory tract
Risk factors
Sleep
Sleep apnea
Sleep disorders
Surgery
Task forces
Titration
Vehicles
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Summary:Executive Summary * Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) includes symptoms of excessive daytime somnolence, snoring, and witnessed apneic events. * The average number of hypopneic and apneic events per hour of sleep are used to grade the severity of OSA using the apnea-hypopnea index. * The gold standard for diagnosing OSA is through full-night polysomnography in a laboratory with a titration to determine the optimal pressure setting. * Split-night diagnostic titration studies using auto-titration devices are not the diagnostic study of choice. * Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) devices remain the mainstay of treatment. If CPAP is poorly tolerated, alternatives include Bi-level PAP, oral devices, and surgical options. * Emerging therapies, such as hypoglossal nerve stimulation, are being developed. These alternatives to CPAP are being studied in efforts to improve patient adherence and outcomes associated with OSA.
ISSN:1040-2497
2168-765X