Taming hydraulic shock and vibration

Hydraulic systems are noted for being highly responsive even when moving heavy loads. But the dynamic behavior that can give unmatched motion control sometimes produces nasty consequences -- namely shock, vibration, and noise. Many industrial and mobile machines experience severe mechanical and hydr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Machine Design 2011-03, Vol.83 (4), p.58-61
Main Author: McGehee, Bryan
Format: Magazinearticle
Language:English
Subjects:
Bladder
Cylinders
Design
Design engineering
Fluid dynamics
Fluid flow
Guidelines
Hydraulic equipment
Hydraulic shock
Hydraulics
Noise control
Plumbing
Shock waves
Sine waves
Vibration
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Summary:Hydraulic systems are noted for being highly responsive even when moving heavy loads. But the dynamic behavior that can give unmatched motion control sometimes produces nasty consequences -- namely shock, vibration, and noise. Many industrial and mobile machines experience severe mechanical and hydraulic shocks when a moving part -- such as the bucket on a front-end loader -- stops suddenly. Designs that let a cylinder bottom out but rely on relief, vent, or compensator valves that do not respond quickly enough will also generate hydraulic shocks. Design engineers often prefer hydraulic piston pumps, due to their compact size and high-pressure capability. However, these positive-displacement pumps generate pulsations -- similar to a continuous sine wave -- as the pistons stroke. Like shock waves, these pressure waves can induce vibrations detrimental to system components. Given the complex and unpredictable interactions between components, trying to estimate in advance a hydraulic power unit's noise level is nearly impossible.
ISSN:0024-9114
1944-9577