Lysosomal and Autophagic Reactions as Predictive Indicators of Environmental Impact in Aquatic Animals

The lysosomal-autophagic system appears to be a common target for many environmental pollutants as lysosomes accumulate many toxic metals and organic xenobiotics, which perturb normal function and damage the lysosomal membrane. In fact, lysosomal membrane integrity or stability appears to be an effe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Autophagy 2006-07, Vol.2 (3), p.217-220
Main Authors: Moore, Michael N., Allen, J. Icarus, McVeigh, Allan, Shaw, Jenny
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Autophagy - physiology
Binding
Biology
Biomarkers
Bioscience
Bivalvia - physiology
Calcium
Cancer
Cell
Computer Simulation
Cycle
Environment
Environmental Pollution
Fishes - physiology
Landes
Lysosomes - physiology
Models, Theoretical
Mollusca - physiology
Organogenesis
Proteins
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Summary:The lysosomal-autophagic system appears to be a common target for many environmental pollutants as lysosomes accumulate many toxic metals and organic xenobiotics, which perturb normal function and damage the lysosomal membrane. In fact, lysosomal membrane integrity or stability appears to be an effective generic indicator of cellular well-being in eukaryotes: in bivalve molluscs and fish, stability is correlated with many toxicological and pathological endpoints. Prognostic use of adverse lysosomal and autophagic reactions to environmental pollutants has been explored in relation to predicting cellular dysfunction and health in marine mussels, which are extensively used environmental sentinels. Derivation of explanatory frameworks for prediction of pollutant impact on health is a major goal; and we have developed a conceptual mechanistic model linking lysosomal damage and autophagic dysfunction with injury to cells and tissues. This model has also complemented the creation of a cell-based computational model for molluscan hepatopancreatic cells that simulates lysosomal, autophagic and other cellular reactions to pollutants. Experimental and simulated results have also indicated that nutritional deprivation - induced autophagy has a protective function against toxic effects mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Finally, coupled measurement of lysosomal-autophagic reactions and modelling is proposed as a practical toolbox for predicting environmental risk. Addendum to: Environmental Prognostics: An Integrated Model Supporting Lysosomal Stress Responses as Predictive Biomarkers of Animal Health Status M.N. Moore, J.I. Allen and A. McVeigh Mar Environ Res 2005; In press
ISSN:1554-8627
1554-8635
DOI:10.4161/auto.2663