Dietary Japanese millet protein ameliorates plasma levels of adiponectin, glucose, and lipids in type 2 diabetic mice

• Published in: Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2009-02, Vol.73 (2), p.351-360
• Main Authors: Nishizawa, N.(Iwate Univ., Morioka (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture), Togawa, T, Park, K.O, Sato, D, Miyakoshi, Y, Inagaki, K, Ohmori, N, Ito, Y, Nagasawa, T
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: adiponectin; Adiponectin - blood; Animals; AZUCAR EN SANGRE; Biological and medical sciences; Blood Glucose - metabolism; BLOOD PROTEINS; BLOOD SUGAR; CHOLESTEROL; COLESTEROL; DIABETE; DIABETES; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - blood; Diet; Dietary Fats - pharmacology; Dietary Proteins - pharmacology; Eating; Echinochloa - chemistry; ECHINOCHLOA FRUMENTACEA; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gene Expression Regulation - drug effects; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol); Japanese millet; Lipids - blood; Male; MICE; MIJOS; MILLET; MILLETS; Plant Proteins - chemistry; Plant Proteins - pharmacology; plasma glucose; Prolamins - pharmacology; PROTEINAS SANGUINEAS; PROTEINE SANGUINE; RATON; SOURIS; Starch - pharmacology; SUCRE DU SANG; type 2 diabetes
• ISSN: 0916-8451; 1347-6947
• DOI: 10.1271/bbb.80589

Millet is an important food crop in Asia and Africa, but the health benefits of dietary millet are little known. This study defined the effects of dietary Japanese millet on diabetic mice. Feeding of a high-fat diet containing Japanese millet protein concentrate (JMP, 20% protein) to type 2 diabetic mice for 3 weeks significantly increased plasma levels of adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) and decreased the levels of glucose and triglyceride as compared to control. The starch fraction of Japanese millet had no effect on glucose or adiponectin levels, but the prolamin fraction beneficially modulated plasma glucose and insulin concentrations as well as adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-α gene expression. Considering the physiological significance of adiponectin and HDL cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease, our findings imply that dietary JMP has the potential to ameliorate these diseases.