Stevens-Johnson syndrome plus intrahepatic cholestasis caused by clindamycin or chlorpheniramine

• Published in: Dermatology online journal 2009-05, Vol.15 (5), p.12
• Main Authors: Sahagún Flores, J E, Soto Ortiz, J A, Tovar Méndez, C E, Cárdenas Ochoa, E C, Hernández Flores, G
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Subjects: Acetaminophen - administration & dosage; Acetaminophen - therapeutic use; Betamethasone - administration & dosage; Betamethasone - therapeutic use; Bronchitis - complications; Bronchitis - drug therapy; Chlorpheniramine - administration & dosage; Chlorpheniramine - adverse effects; Chlorpheniramine - therapeutic use; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic - chemically induced; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic - drug therapy; Clindamycin - administration & dosage; Clindamycin - adverse effects; Clindamycin - therapeutic use; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Enalapril - therapeutic use; Female; Foot Dermatoses - etiology; Hand Dermatoses - etiology; Humans; Insulin - therapeutic use; Methylprednisolone - therapeutic use; Middle Aged; Mucositis - etiology; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - drug therapy; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome - etiology
• ISSN: 1087-2108

A 48-year-old woman was hospitalized with the diagnosis of hepatitis. She presented with symptoms of jaundice, headache, elevated bilirubin, and elevated hepatic enzymes. She related a recent episode of a bronchial infection that was treated during the previous eight days with paracetamol (500mg, 2 doses only), chlorpheniramine, betamethasone and clindamycin. After an initial clinical and laboratorial improvement, she began to complain of pruritus of the palms and soles. Thereafter, vesicles evolving to blisters developed and a deterioration of her general health ensued. Serologies for hepatitis A, B, and C viruses were negative. Intrahepatic cholestasis and Stevens Johnson Syndrome (SJS) were the final diagnosis. The association of the Stevens Johnson Syndrome and intrahepatic cholestasis simultaneously, related to adverse drug reactions, is very rare. The drugs reportedly involved are mainly antibiotics, such as ampicillin, vancomycin, amoxicillin/clavulinic acid and erythromycin. Other drugs involved are non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs, such as mefenamic acid, ibuprofen, and sulindac. The reactions can be minor or severe and can even cause death, an outcome that has been reported in patients of all races and ethnic groups, but appears to be more rare in patients of Latin origin. We present a discussion of this case and review the main characteristics of the Stevens Johnson Syndrome.