Life cycle cost of a hybrid forward osmosis – low pressure reverse osmosis system for seawater desalination and wastewater recovery

In recent years, forward osmosis (FO) hybrid membrane systems have been investigated as an alternative to conventional high-pressure membrane processes (i.e. reverse osmosis (RO)) for seawater desalination and wastewater treatment and recovery. Nevertheless, their economic advantage in comparison to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water research (Oxford) 2016-01, Vol.88, p.225-234
Main Authors: Valladares Linares, R., Li, Z., Yangali-Quintanilla, V., Ghaffour, N., Amy, G., Leiknes, T., Vrouwenvelder, J.S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biofuels
Bioreactors
capital
cost effectiveness
Costs
Desalination
Drinking Water
economic feasibility
energy
energy conservation
Forward osmosis
fouling
Hybrid systems
life cycle costing
Membrane system
Membranes
Membranes, Artificial
municipal wastewater
Osmosis
oxidation
permeability
Reverse osmosis
Sea water
Seawater
Waste Disposal, Fluid - economics
Waste Disposal, Fluid - instrumentation
Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods
Waste Water
Wastewater recovery
Wastewater treatment
Water Purification - economics
Water Purification - instrumentation
Water Purification - methods
Water Quality
Water treatment
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