Latent tuberculous infection in household contacts of multidrug-resistant and newly diagnosed tuberculosis

BACKGROUND: Differences in the prevalence of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) and tuberculosis (TB) disease among contacts of patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and drug-susceptible TB are not well understood.OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of tuberculin skin test (TST) positivity...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease 2017-03, Vol.21 (3), p.297-302
Main Authors: Fox, G. J., Anh, N. T., Nhung, N. V., Loi, N. T., Hoa, N. B., Ngoc Anh, L. T., Cuong, N. K., Buu, T. N., Marks, G. B., Menzies, D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Cohort Studies
Contact Investigation
Contact Tracing
Family Characteristics
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Latent Tuberculosis - diagnosis
Latent Tuberculosis - epidemiology
Latent Tuberculous Infection
Male
Mdr-Tb
Middle Aged
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Transmission
Tuberculin Test
Tuberculosis - diagnosis
Tuberculosis - epidemiology
Tuberculosis - transmission
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - diagnosis
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant - transmission
Vietnam - epidemiology
Young Adult
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Summary:BACKGROUND: Differences in the prevalence of latent tuberculous infection (LTBI) and tuberculosis (TB) disease among contacts of patients with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and drug-susceptible TB are not well understood.OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of tuberculin skin test (TST) positivity in household contacts of patients with MDR-TB and in contacts of patients never previously treated for TB ('new TB').DESIGN: Consecutive patients with MDR-TB and their household contacts at nine urban district clinics in Viet Nam were screened for TB and LTBI, and followed up for 6 months. LTBI was defined as a TST result of at least 10 mm.RESULTS: A total of 167 patients with TB and their 337 household contacts were recruited. A total of 167/180 (25.8%) contacts of new TB patients and 60/147 (40.8%) contacts of MDR-TB patients were TST-positive (odds ratio [OR] 2.0, 95%CI 1.3-3.2). Contacts of MDR-TB patients were more likely to have baseline chest radiograph findings consistent with TB (OR 2.6, 95%CI 1.4-5.0).CONCLUSION: Contacts of MDR-TB patients have a high risk of developing TB. Measures to reduce Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission and accelerate the detection of disease among high-risk contacts should be prioritised to curb the MDR-TB epidemic.
ISSN:1027-3719
1815-7920
DOI:10.5588/ijtld.16.0576