Plant cell-surface GIPC sphingolipids sense salt to trigger Ca 2+ influx

Salinity is detrimental to plant growth, crop production and food security worldwide. Excess salt triggers increases in cytosolic Ca concentration, which activate Ca -binding proteins and upregulate the Na /H antiporter in order to remove Na . Salt-induced increases in Ca have long been thought to b...

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Published in:Nature (London) 2019-08, Vol.572 (7769), p.341
Main Authors: Jiang, Zhonghao, Zhou, Xiaoping, Tao, Ming, Yuan, Fang, Liu, Lulu, Wu, Feihua, Wu, Xiaomei, Xiang, Yun, Niu, Yue, Liu, Feng, Li, Chijun, Ye, Rui, Byeon, Benjamin, Xue, Yan, Zhao, Hongyan, Wang, Hsin-Neng, Crawford, Bridget M, Johnson, Douglas M, Hu, Chanxing, Pei, Christopher, Zhou, Wenming, Swift, Gary B, Zhang, Han, Vo-Dinh, Tuan, Hu, Zhangli, Siedow, James N, Pei, Zhen-Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arabidopsis - cytology
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - metabolism
Calcium - metabolism
Calcium Signaling
Glucuronosyltransferase - genetics
Glucuronosyltransferase - metabolism
Glycosphingolipids - metabolism
Membrane Potentials - drug effects
Mutation
Plant Cells - metabolism
Salt Stress - genetics
Salt Stress - physiology
Sodium Chloride - metabolism
Sodium Chloride - pharmacology
Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers - metabolism
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Summary:Salinity is detrimental to plant growth, crop production and food security worldwide. Excess salt triggers increases in cytosolic Ca concentration, which activate Ca -binding proteins and upregulate the Na /H antiporter in order to remove Na . Salt-induced increases in Ca have long been thought to be involved in the detection of salt stress, but the molecular components of the sensing machinery remain unknown. Here, using Ca -imaging-based forward genetic screens, we isolated the Arabidopsis thaliana mutant monocation-induced [Ca increases 1 (moca1), and identified MOCA1 as a glucuronosyltransferase for glycosyl inositol phosphorylceramide (GIPC) sphingolipids in the plasma membrane. MOCA1 is required for salt-induced depolarization of the cell-surface potential, Ca spikes and waves, Na /H antiporter activation, and regulation of growth. Na binds to GIPCs to gate Ca influx channels. This salt-sensing mechanism might imply that plasma-membrane lipids are involved in adaption to various environmental salt levels, and could be used to improve salt resistance in crops.
ISSN:1476-4687
DOI:10.1038/s41586-019-1449-z