Microbial-transcriptome integrative analysis of heat stress effects on amino acid metabolism and lipid peroxidation in poultry jejunum

• Published in: Animal biotechnology 2024-11, Vol.35 (1), p.2331179-2331179
• Main Authors: Seo, Young-Jun, Lim, Chiwoong, Lim, Byeonghwi, Kim, Jun-Mo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; Acyl-CoA oxidase; Amino acids; Biodegradation; Biomarkers; broiler; Cell cycle; Enrichment; Environmental degradation; Gene families; Gene set enrichment analysis; Heat stress; Heat tolerance; Impact analysis; Jejunum; Lipid metabolism; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Livestock; Metabolism; Metabolites; microbiome; Microbiomes; Microbiota; Microorganisms; multi-omics integration; Peroxidation; Poultry; Protein metabolism; Protein turnover; RNA-seq; Statistical analysis; Temperature effects; Transcriptomes
• ISSN: 1049-5398; 1532-2378
• DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2331179

Despite the significant threat of heat stress to livestock animals, only a few studies have considered the potential relationship between broiler chickens and their microbiota. Therefore, this study examined microbial modifications, transcriptional changes and host-microbiome interactions using a predicted metabolome data-based approach to understand the impact of heat stress on poultry. After the analysis, the host functional enrichment analysis revealed that pathways related to lipid and protein metabolism were elevated under heat stress conditions. In contrast, pathways related to the cell cycle were suppressed under normal environmental temperatures. In line with the transcriptome analysis, the microbial analysis results indicate that taxonomic changes affect lipid degradation. Heat stress engendered statistically significant difference in the abundance of 11 microorganisms, including Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcacea. Together, integrative approach analysis suggests that microbiota-induced metabolites affect host fatty acid peroxidation metabolism, which is correlated with the gene families of Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase long chain (ACADL), Acyl-CoA Oxidase (ACOX) and Acetyl-CoA Acyltransferase (ACAA). This integrated approach provides novel insights into heat stress problems and identifies potential biomarkers associated with heat stress.