Cardiovascular implications of osmotic changes during hemodialysis: a potential risk factor

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) face a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular-related mortality compared to the general population. Osmotic stress, defined as the strain caused by rapid shifts in plasma solute concentration, occurs during HD and places addit...

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Bibliographic Details

Published in:	International urology and nephrology 2025-10
Main Authors:	Bołtuć-Dziugieł, Kamila, Dziugieł, Robert, Roskal-Wałek, Joanna, Bociek, Agnieszka, Terpiłowska, Sylwia, Dąbrowski, Wojciech, Jaroszyński, Andrzej
Format:	Article
Language:	English
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