Efficacy of Oral Hyposmolar Glucose-based and Rice-based Oral Rehydration Salt Solutions in the Treatment of Cholera in Adults

• Published in: Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology 1998, Vol.33 (2), p.159-163
• Main Authors: BHATTACHARYA, M. K, BHATTACHARYA, S. K, DUTTA, D, DEB, A. K, DEB, M, DUTTA, A, CHOUDHURY, A. S, NAIR, G. B, MAHALANABIS, D
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Bacterial diseases; Biological and medical sciences; Chloride Channels - antagonists & inhibitors; Chloride Channels - drug effects; Chlorides - metabolism; Cholera; Cholera - blood; Cholera - drug therapy; Cyclic AMP - physiology; Diarrhea - drug therapy; Doxycycline - therapeutic use; Emergency and intensive care: metabolism and nutrition disorders. Enteral and parenteral nutrition; Glucose - administration & dosage; Human bacterial diseases; Humans; Infectious diseases; Intensive care medicine; Intestinal Mucosa - cytology; Intestinal Mucosa - drug effects; Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism; Intestine, Small - cytology; Intestine, Small - drug effects; Intestine, Small - metabolism; Male; Medical sciences; Multivariate Analysis; Oryza - chemistry; Plant Extracts - administration & dosage; Plant Extracts - isolation & purification; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Regression Analysis; Rehydration Solutions - administration & dosage; Rehydration Solutions - analysis; Rehydration Solutions - pharmacology; Sodium - blood; Treatment Outcome; Tropical bacterial diseases; Tropical medicine; Vibrio cholerae - drug effects; Vibrio cholerae - isolation & purification
• ISSN: 0036-5521; 1502-7708
• DOI: 10.1080/00365529850166888

Background: Recent animal experiments and clinical trials have shown that both osmolarity and rice as the organic components are important factors for net intestinal absorption of an oral rehydration salt solution. Methods: In a controlled clinical trial 123 male adult patients with severe cholera, after initial rehydration with intravenous Ringer's lactate solution, were randomly assigned to receive one of the four oral rehydration salt solutions: WHO ORS, ORS containing 70 mmol/l Na+ and 16.2 g/l glucose, rice ORS containing 50 g/l rice and 90 mmol/l Na+, and rice ORS containing 50 g/l rice and 70 mmol/l Na+. All patients received 300 mg of doxycycline as a single dose. Results: Patients who received rice-low-sodium ORS subsequently had lower (P < 0.05) stool output, ORS consumption, and diarrhoea duration than the other three ORS groups. Conclusions: We conclude that rice-based low-sodium ORS is superior for treating adult cholera.