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Obesity and neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions among adolescents aged 10–17 years: The National Survey of Children's Health 2017–2018
Aim Adolescents have a high prevalence of obesity and neurodevelopmental and mental health co‐occurring conditions. This study examined the association between obesity and several co‐occurring conditions – autism spectrum disorder (ASD); intellectual disability; learning disability; stuttering, stam...
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Published in: | Journal of paediatrics and child health 2022-10, Vol.58 (10), p.1753-1759 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Aim
Adolescents have a high prevalence of obesity and neurodevelopmental and mental health co‐occurring conditions. This study examined the association between obesity and several co‐occurring conditions – autism spectrum disorder (ASD); intellectual disability; learning disability; stuttering, stammering or other speech problems; developmental delay; attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder; epilepsy or seizure disorder; cerebral palsy; depression; anxiety; and Tourette Syndrome – in adolescents aged 10–17 years (n = 26 266) using 2017–2018 National Survey of Children's Health data.
Methods
This cross‐sectional study used 2017–2018 National Survey of Children's Health data (n = 27 328); χ2 tests were conducted to compare the prevalence of obesity and several co‐occurring conditions. Multiple logistic regression was conducted to adjust for age, gender, race/ethnicity and household income.
Results
Obesity prevalence was 15.3%. Adolescents with ASD (25.1%) and epilepsy/seizure disorder (27.8%) had the greatest obesity prevalence. Adjusting for socio‐demographic characteristics, odds of obesity were higher in those with ASD (odds ratio (OR) 1.7, confidence interval (CI) 1.2–2.6), learning disability (OR 1.5, CI 1.2–2.0), epilepsy or seizure disorder (OR 2.2, CI 1.2–3.8) and depression (OR 2.0, CI 1.6–2.5). For all regression analyses, odds of obesity were higher among adolescents who were non‐Hispanic Black, Hispanic and low‐income.
Conclusions
The increased prevalence of obesity in adolescents with ASD, learning disability, epilepsy or seizure disorder, and depression demonstrates the need to attend to their nutrition and physical activity needs. Future research should examine obesity risk factors among adolescents with specific neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions, as well as racial or ethnic minority and low‐income populations, to properly tailor obesity prevention services. |
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ISSN: | 1034-4810 1440-1754 |
DOI: | 10.1111/jpc.16081 |