Changes in nasal, pharyngeal and salivary secretory IgA levels in patients with COVID-19 and the possibility of correction of their secretion using combined intranasal and oral administration of a pharmaceutical containing antigens of opportunistic microorganisms

• Published in: Drugs in Context 2023, Vol.12, p.1-15
• Main Authors: Kostinov, Mikhail, Svitich, Oksana, Chuchalin, Alexander, Abramova, Natalya, Osiptsov, Valery, Khromova, Ekaterina, Pakhomov, Dmitry, Tatevosov, Vitaly, Vlasenko, Anna, Gainitdinova, Vilia, Mashilov, Kirill, Kryukova, Nadezhda, Baranova, Irina, Kostinov, Anton
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: bacteria-based pharmaceutical; covid-19; immune therapy in covid-19; mucosal immunity; Original Research; siga
• ISSN: 1745-1981; 1740-4398
• DOI: 10.7573/dic.2022-10-4

Although extensive research has been conducted on the role of local immunity in patients with SARS-CoV-2, little is known about the production and concentrations of secretory IgA (SIgA) in different mucosal compartments. This article aims to assess the secretion of SIgA in the nasal and pharyngeal compartments and saliva of patients with COVID-19 and to investigate the possibility and efficiency of correction of their secretion using combined intranasal and oral administration of a pharmaceutical containing antigens of opportunistic microorganisms. This study included 78 inpatients, aged between 18 and 60 years, who had confirmed COVID-19 with moderate lung involvement. The control group ( =45) received basic therapy, and the treatment group ( =33) was additionally administered the bacteria-based pharmaceutical Immunovac VP4 from day 1 to day 10 of hospitalization. SIgA levels were measured by ELISA at baseline and on days 14 and 30. No systemic or local reactions associated with Immunovac VP4 were reported. We observed a statistically significant reduction in the duration of fever and hospitalization in patients who received Immunovac VP4 compared with those from the control group ( =0.03 and =0.05, respectively). Changes over time in SIgA levels in nasal swabs were found to be significantly different in the two treatment groups (F=7.9, [78.0]