Association between dietary antioxidant and fatty acids and low muscle mass in obese and non-obese community-dwelling older adults: An NHANES analysis

Sarcopenia increases disability, hospital stays, readmissions, and mortality in older adults. Antioxidative nutrients and fatty acids consumption may help maintain muscle mass by reducing oxidative stress. This study aims to assess the association between antioxidant and fatty acid intake and low mu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medicine (Baltimore) 2023-12, Vol.102 (50), p.e36517-e36517
Main Authors: Jia, Guhua, Wu, Chieh-Chen, Su, Chun-Hsien
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Antioxidants
Energy Intake
Fatty Acids
Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
Female
Folic Acid
Humans
Independent Living
Male
Muscles
Nutrition Surveys
Obesity - epidemiology
Observational Study
Retrospective Studies
Selenium
Vitamin A
Zinc
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Summary:Sarcopenia increases disability, hospital stays, readmissions, and mortality in older adults. Antioxidative nutrients and fatty acids consumption may help maintain muscle mass by reducing oxidative stress. This study aims to assess the association between antioxidant and fatty acid intake and low muscle mass in community-dwelling older people. This retrospective analysis used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2004. Participants ≥ 60 years with information on muscle mass measured by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were included. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was assessed. Associations between antioxidants and fatty acids intake, and low muscle mass were evaluated using logistic regressions. 3648 (1748 men and 1900 women) were included. The prevalence of low muscle mass was 41% and 26% among men and women ≥ 75 years, and 45.2% and 28.4% among obese men and women. In obese males, a natural-log-unit increase of vitamin A (aOR = 0.806, 95% CI: 0.652-0.996), vitamin C (aOR = 0.878, 95% CI: 0.779-0.990), selenium intake (aOR = 0.716, 95% CI: 0.517-0.993), and higher saturated fatty acids (aOR = 0.956, 95% CI: 0.915-0.998) and monounsaturated fatty acids (aOR = 0.959, 95% CI: 0.925-0.994) intake were associated with decreased odds for low muscle mass. Among obese females, a natural-log-unit increase of vitamin E (P = .036), vitamin B12 (P = .014), total folate (P = .015), zinc (P = .005), and selenium intake (P = .018) were associated with increased odds of low muscle mass, whereas higher saturated fatty acids (P 
ISSN:0025-7974
1536-5964
DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000036517