Long-term outcomes of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer: an extracted individual patient data and trial-level meta-analysis

Background Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (nIO) has emerged as a treatment option for stage II–III triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). While randomised clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrated pathological complete response rate benefit to nIO added to chemotherapy, additional data on long-term outcomes is...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:British journal of cancer 2024-02, Vol.130 (2), p.242-250
Main Authors: Cunha, Mateus Trinconi, Gouveia, Mariana Carvalho, Neto, Felippe Lazar, Testa, Laura, Hoff, Paulo Marcelo, de Azambuja, Evandro, Bonadio, Renata Colombo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
692/308/409
692/4028/67/1347
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Breast cancer
Cancer Research
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant
Clinical outcomes
Clinical trials
Drug Resistance
Epidemiology
Female
Humans
Immunotherapy
Meta-analysis
Molecular Medicine
Neoadjuvant Therapy
Oncology
Pathologic Complete Response
Patients
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Statistical analysis
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms - drug therapy
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms - pathology
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms - therapy
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Summary:Background Neoadjuvant immunotherapy (nIO) has emerged as a treatment option for stage II–III triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). While randomised clinical trials (RCTs) demonstrated pathological complete response rate benefit to nIO added to chemotherapy, additional data on long-term outcomes is warranted. We performed this analysis to evaluate long-term efficacy outcomes of nIO in TNBC. Methods We searched databases for RCTs evaluating nIO in early-stage TNBC. A meta-analysis of extracted individual patient data (EIPD) was performed to evaluate EFS and OS, with data from reported Kaplan–Meier plots. Additionally, we conducted a trial-level meta-analysis using fixed and random effects models. Results The literature search resulted in four included RCTs with available EFS or OS (KEYNOTE-522, IMpassion031, I-SPY2 and GeparNuevo). EIPD showed that the addition of nIO to chemotherapy provides statistically significant benefits in EFS (HR 0.62, 0.50–0.76; p  
ISSN:0007-0920
1532-1827
1532-1827
DOI:10.1038/s41416-023-02501-w