Pyrenoid proteomics reveals independent evolution of the CO2-concentrating organelle in chlorarachniophytes

Pyrenoids are microcompartments that are universally found in the photosynthetic plastids of various eukaryotic algae. They contain ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and play a pivotal role in facilitating CO2 assimilation via CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). Recent inves...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2024-03, Vol.121 (10), p.e2318542121
Main Authors: Moromizato, Rena, Fukuda, Kodai, Suzuki, Shigekatsu, Motomura, Taizo, Nagasato, Chikako, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algae
Aquatic plants
Biological Sciences
Carbon dioxide
Carbonic anhydrase
Evolution
Localization
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
Plastids
Proteins
Proteomes
Proteomics
Pyrenoids
Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate
Ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase
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Summary:Pyrenoids are microcompartments that are universally found in the photosynthetic plastids of various eukaryotic algae. They contain ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and play a pivotal role in facilitating CO2 assimilation via CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs). Recent investigations involving model algae have revealed that pyrenoid-associated proteins participate in pyrenoid biogenesis and CCMs. However, these organisms represent only a small part of algal lineages, which limits our comprehensive understanding of the diversity and evolution of pyrenoid-based CCMs. Here we report a pyrenoid proteome of the chlorarachniophyte alga Amorphochlora amoebiformis, which possesses complex plastids acquired through secondary endosymbiosis with green algae. Proteomic analysis using mass spectrometry resulted in the identification of 154 potential pyrenoid components. Subsequent localization experiments demonstrated the specific targeting of eight proteins to pyrenoids. These included a putative Rubisco-binding linker, carbonic anhydrase, membrane transporter, and uncharacterized GTPase proteins. Notably, most of these proteins were unique to this algal lineage. We suggest a plausible scenario in which pyrenoids in chlorarachniophytes have evolved independently, as their components are not inherited from green algal pyrenoids.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2318542121