Immunogenicity after vaccination of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with cancer: a prospective, single center, observational study

Background Patients with cancer, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy, are at risk from the low immunogenicity of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccines. Methods This prospective study assessed the seroconversion rate of COVID-19 vaccines among patients with cancer and hospital staff. Seve...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of clinical oncology 2024-04, Vol.29 (4), p.386-397
Main Authors: Katsuya, Yuki, Yoshida, Tatsuya, Takashima, Atsuo, Yonemori, Kan, Ohba, Akihiro, Yazaki, Shu, Yagishita, Shigehiro, Nakahama, Hiroko, Kobayashi, Osamu, Yanagida, Masatoshi, Irino, Yasuhiro, Hamada, Akinobu, Yamamoto, Noboru
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibodies
BCR-ABL protein
Body mass index
Cancer
Cancer Research
Cancer therapies
Cancer vaccines
Cell number
Chemotherapy
Coronaviruses
COVID-19 vaccines
Cytotoxicity
Fusion protein
Immunization
Immunogenicity
Immunoglobulin G
Lymphocytes
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Oncology
Original
Original Article
Patients
Seroconversion
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Spike protein
Surgical Oncology
TOR protein
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Summary:Background Patients with cancer, particularly those undergoing chemotherapy, are at risk from the low immunogenicity of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccines. Methods This prospective study assessed the seroconversion rate of COVID-19 vaccines among patients with cancer and hospital staff. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein-specific IgG (S-IgG) concentrations were evaluated before the first vaccination, and 1–3 and 4–6 months after the second vaccination. The primary endpoint was the seroconversion rate measured 1–3 months after the second vaccine. Results In total, 590 patients and 183 healthy hospital staff were analyzed. At 1–3 months after the second vaccination, the S-IgG antibody concentration exceeded the cut-off value (20 BAU/mL) in 96.1% (567/590) of the patients with cancer and 100% (183/183) of the healthy controls ( p  = 0.0024). At 4–6 months after the second vaccination, the S-IgG antibody concentration exceeded the cut-off value (20 BAU/ml for S-IgG) in 93.1% (461/495) of the patients with cancer and 100% (170/170) of the healthy controls ( p  
ISSN:1341-9625
1437-7772
DOI:10.1007/s10147-024-02470-x