Vapor Pressure and Evaporation Studies of Saline Solutions on Natural and Synthetic Fabrics for Industrial Water Treatment

In the present paper, we have conducted a comprehensive analysis of vapor pressures of both saturated and unsaturated solutions, alongside a study of evaporation using synthetic and natural fabrics for industrial applications in brackish water treatment under zero liquid discharge (ZLD) philosophy....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymers 2024-08, Vol.16 (16), p.2335
Main Authors: López-Borrell, Alexis, Lora-García, Jaime, Cardona, Salvador C, López-Pérez, María-Fernanda, Fombuena, Vicent
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accuracy
Aquatic resources
Brackish water
Composite materials
Energy consumption
Evaporation rate
Fabrics
Humidity
Industrial applications
Industrial water
Membrane separation
Parameter estimation
Saline solutions
Sodium chloride
Spain
Temperature
Urban areas
Vapor pressure
Water discharge
Water pollution
Water resources
Water treatment
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Summary:In the present paper, we have conducted a comprehensive analysis of vapor pressures of both saturated and unsaturated solutions, alongside a study of evaporation using synthetic and natural fabrics for industrial applications in brackish water treatment under zero liquid discharge (ZLD) philosophy. By determining the vapor pressures of saturated solutions, we obtained results consistent with those of other researchers, extending the range of tested temperatures from 1 to 50 °C and successfully fitting the parameters of an Antoine-type equation. Similarly, positive results were achieved for unsaturated solutions, where various parameters of different equations accounting for the salt concentration were estimated, simplifying the fitting procedure. Natural evaporation tests from water surfaces using saturated solutions revealed that salts with higher associated vapor pressures exhibit higher evaporation rates. On the other hand, hydrated salts retain water in their structure and are significantly affected by ambient humidity. Evaporation studies on natural and synthetic fabrics with saturated NaCl and CuSO ·5H O solutions showed distinct behaviors. NaCl increased both the evaporation rate and salt deposition with each cycle. In contrast, CuSO ·5H O reduced the absorption capacity by blocking the fabric's structure, decreasing the evaporation efficiency over successive cycles.
ISSN:2073-4360
2073-4360
DOI:10.3390/polym16162335