Histologic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules Treated with Thermal Ablation: An Institutional Experience

Thyroid nodules are a common, benign condition with a higher prevalence in women, individuals with iodine deficiency, and radiation exposure. Treatment options for benign thyroid nodules include pharmaceutical therapy, thyroidectomy, and thermal ablation (TA). TA, including laser ablation (LA), radi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2024-09, Vol.25 (18), p.10182
Main Authors: Russotto, Fernanda, Fiorentino, Vincenzo, Pizzimenti, Cristina, Micali, Marina Gloria, Franchina, Mariausilia, Pepe, Ludovica, Riganati, Giuseppe, Giordano, Walter, Magliolo, Emilia, Ristagno, Serenella, Rossi, Esther Diana, Tuccari, Giovanni, Martini, Maurizio, Ieni, Antonio, Fadda, Guido
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ablation
Ablation (Surgery)
Ablation Techniques - methods
Adult
Aged
Care and treatment
Cell cycle
Diagnosis
Diagnosis, Differential
Electrodes
Female
Hemorrhage
Histology
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Ischemia
Kinases
Lasers
Male
Methods
Microwaves - therapeutic use
Middle Aged
Mutation
Proteins
Radiofrequency Ablation - methods
Surgery
Thyroid cancer
Thyroid diseases
Thyroid Neoplasms - pathology
Thyroid Neoplasms - surgery
Thyroid Nodule - pathology
Thyroid Nodule - surgery
Tumors
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:Thyroid nodules are a common, benign condition with a higher prevalence in women, individuals with iodine deficiency, and radiation exposure. Treatment options for benign thyroid nodules include pharmaceutical therapy, thyroidectomy, and thermal ablation (TA). TA, including laser ablation (LA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and microwave ablation (MWA), is a procedure that uses heat to cause tissue necrosis. It is commonly used for large, firm, benign, non-functioning thyroid nodules that cause severe symptoms or pain when surgery is not recommended or desired. When thyroid nodules do not respond to TA, they undergo surgery to resolve the symptoms and clarify the diagnosis. This study aims to analyze the histological alterations found in surgically excised TA-treated thyroid nodules and to evaluate the morphological criteria of differential diagnosis between benign and malignant nodules, establishing whether the alterations observed on the histological sample are a consequence of TA or indicative of neoplastic disease. For this purpose, the adoption of ancillary methods, such as immunohistochemistry, is fundamental to distinguish the artifacts induced by TA from the typical morphological characteristics of malignant neoplasms.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms251810182