Circadian Disruption and the Molecular Clock in Atherosclerosis and Hypertension

Circadian rhythms are crucial for maintaining vascular function and disruption of these rhythms are associated with negative health outcomes including cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Circadian rhythms are regulated by the central clock within the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian journal of cardiology 2023-12, Vol.39 (12), p.1757-1771
Main Authors: Costello, Hannah M, Sharma, Ravindra K, McKee, Annalisse R, Gumz, Michelle L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atherosclerosis
Circadian Clocks
Circadian Rhythm
Humans
Hypertension
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
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Summary:Circadian rhythms are crucial for maintaining vascular function and disruption of these rhythms are associated with negative health outcomes including cardiovascular disease and hypertension. Circadian rhythms are regulated by the central clock within the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and peripheral clocks located in nearly every cell type in the body, including cells within the heart and vasculature. In this review, we summarize the most recent preclinical and clinical research linking circadian disruption, with a focus on molecular circadian clock mechanisms, in atherosclerosis and hypertension. Furthermore, we provide insight into potential future chronotherapeutics for hypertension and vascular disease. A better understanding of the influence of daily rhythms in behaviour, such as sleep/wake cycles, feeding, and physical activity, as well as the endogenous circadian system on cardiovascular risk will help pave the way for targeted approaches in atherosclerosis and hypertension treatment/prevention.
ISSN:0828-282X
1916-7075
1916-7075
DOI:10.1016/j.cjca.2023.06.416