Effects of Nonfibrous Minerals in the V79-4 Cytotoxicity Test

The use of the V79-4 system as a primary screen for fiber carcinogenicity is dependent on the observed correlation between cytotoxicity of the test material in the system and mesothelioma following intrapleural injection in animals. This correlation has been established for relatively pure samples o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental health perspectives 1983-09, Vol.51, p.173-179
Main Authors: Pigott, Geoffrey H., Pinto, Patricia J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum Silicates - toxicity
Animals
Asbestos
Asbestos - toxicity
Asbestos, Crocidolite
Biotite
Calcium Carbonate - toxicity
Calcium carbonates
Cell Line
Cell lines
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cricetinae
Cricetulus
Cytotoxicity
Diluents
Dust - adverse effects
Lung
Materials
Mesothelioma
Minerals
Minerals - toxicity
Quartz
Silicon Dioxide - toxicity
The Second International Workshop on in Vitro Effects of Mineral Dusts. April 25-28, 1982. Arkadelphia, Arkansas
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Summary:The use of the V79-4 system as a primary screen for fiber carcinogenicity is dependent on the observed correlation between cytotoxicity of the test material in the system and mesothelioma following intrapleural injection in animals. This correlation has been established for relatively pure samples of fibrous minerals. The wider application of the system as a screen for industrial dusts may depend on the ability of the system to show an unequivocal response to small yet significant percentages of fibrous dust in the presence of a large excess of nonfibrous material. Some materials tested, including platy minerals, show a response in the test which, while clearly less than that from UICC asbestos samples, could be construed as a positive result. Some, though not all, of these minerals show a nonlinear dose response in the test. This anomalous dose response may aid in the identification of some false positive results but the variety of responses to nonfibrous minerals places a limit on the predictive value of the test mixtures. Results obtained from mixtures of "standard" dust samples suggest this limit is reached at or above 10% fibrous content. Such levels would be significant in terms of human exposure. Extension of the concentration range tested does not improve the predictive value of the test.
ISSN:0091-6765
1552-9924
DOI:10.1289/ehp.8351173