Immunogenicity of routine vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b in Asian infants born in the United Kingdom

• Published in: Archives of disease in childhood 2005-06, Vol.90 (6), p.589-591
• Main Authors: Booy, R, Haworth, E A, Ali, K A, Chapel, H M, Moxon, E R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Antibodies, Bacterial - biosynthesis; Asian Continental Ancestry Group; Asian infant; Asians; At Risk Persons; Bacterial diseases; Biological and medical sciences; Clostridium tetani - immunology; Corynebacterium diphtheriae - immunology; Developed Nations; Diphtheria; Diphtheria-Tetanus Vaccine - immunology; Ent and stomatologic bacterial diseases; Ethnic Groups; Ethnicity; Families & family life; Family (Sociological Unit); General aspects; geometric mean titre; GMT; Haemophilus influenzae; Haemophilus influenzae type b; Haemophilus influenzae type b - immunology; Haemophilus Vaccines - immunology; Health aspects; Hib; Human bacterial diseases; Humans; Immunogenetics; Immunogenicity; India - ethnology; Industrialized nations; Infant; Infants; Infectious diseases; Influenza; Medical examination; Medical sciences; Mothers; Observations; Original; Pakistan - ethnology; Parents; Parents & parenting; polyribosylribitol phosphate; Population; PRP; Research Assistants; Statistical Analysis; Studies; Tetanus; United Kingdom; Vaccination; Vaccines; Vaccines, Combined - immunology; Whites; Young Children
• ISSN: 0003-9888; 1468-2044
• DOI: 10.1136/adc.2004.064469

Aim: To determine the immunogenicity of routine vaccination against diphtheria, tetanus, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) in Asian infants born in the UK, and whether maternal antibody suppression occurs. Methods: A cohort study with 80% power, within 95% confidence limits, to show that 80% or fewer Asian infants would respond with an anti-PRP antibody concentration >0.15 μg/ml. Infants of South Asian origin born in Berkshire were enrolled at two general practices in Reading: 41 Asian families sequentially asked to participate within 2 weeks of birth; 36 infants were enrolled and 34 completed the study. Main outcome measures were: antibody concentration against diphtheria, tetanus, and Hib expressed as geometric mean titres (GMT) and proportion of infants about a threshold protective antibody concentration. Results: Median age for completing primary vaccination course was 5 months. All 34 achieved anti-PRP antibody concentration of >0.15 μg/ml, 33 were >1.0 μg/ml, and the GMT was 15.0 μg/ml. All infants developed protective antibody concentration >0.1 IU/ml for tetanus and diphtheria; the respective GMTs were 1.94 and 5.57 IU/ml. Infants with high (>0.25 IU/ml) antibody concentrations against diphtheria and tetanus at 2 months achieved lower antibody concentrations after their three dose course than those with low concentrations (