Effects of muscimol, amphetamine, and DAMGO injected into the nucleus accumbens shell on food-reinforced lever pressing by undeprived rats

• Published in: Pharmacology, biochemistry and behavior biochemistry and behavior, 2012-05, Vol.101 (3), p.499-503
• Main Authors: Stratford, Thomas R., Wirtshafter, David
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amphetamine - pharmacology; Animals; Appetitive behavior; Conditioning, Operant - drug effects; Conditioning, Operant - physiology; Eating - drug effects; Eating - physiology; Enkephalin, Ala-MePhe-Gly- - pharmacology; Feeding; Food; GABA-A Receptor Agonists - pharmacology; Ingestion; Male; Motivation; Muscimol - pharmacology; Nucleus Accumbens - drug effects; Nucleus Accumbens - physiology; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-A - physiology; Receptors, Opioid, mu - agonists; Receptors, Opioid, mu - physiology; Reinforcement (Psychology); Reward; Ventral striatum
• ISSN: 0091-3057; 1873-5177
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.02.010

Previous studies have shown that large increases in food intake in nondeprived animals can be induced by injections of both the GABAA agonist muscimol and the μ-opioid agonist DAMGO into the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh), while injections of the catecholamine agonist amphetamine have little effect. In the current study we examined whether injections of these drugs are able to increase food-reinforced lever pressing in nondeprived rats. Twelve subjects were trained to lever press on a continuous reinforcement schedule while food deprived and were then tested after being placed back on ad libitum feeding. Under these conditions, responding was markedly increased by injections of either muscimol or DAMGO, although the onset of the effects of the latter drug was delayed by 30–40min. In contrast, amphetamine injections failed to increase reinforced lever pressing, although they did enhance responding on a non-reinforced lever, presumably reflecting alterations in behavioral activation. These results demonstrate that stimulation of GABAA and μ-opioid receptors within the AcbSh is able to promote not only food intake, but also food-directed operant behavior. In contrast, stimulation of AcbSh dopamine receptors may enhance behavioral arousal, but does not appear to specifically potentiate behaviors directed toward food procurement. ► Injections of muscimol into the AcbSh increase food-reinforced operant responding. ► Injections of DAMGO into the AcbSh increase food-reinforced operant responding. ► Intra-AcbSh amphetamine does not increase food-reinforced operant responding. ► AcbSh GABAA and μ-opioid receptors can mediate food-directed operant behavior.