Long-term high fructose and saturated fat diet affects plasma fatty acid profile in rats

• Published in: Journal of Zhejiang University. B. Science 2012-04, Vol.13 (4), p.307-317
• Main Authors: Tranchida, Fabrice, Tchiakpe, Léopold, Rakotoniaina, Zo, Deyris, Valérie, Ravion, Olivier, Hiol, Abel
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Animals; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Biotechnology; Dietary Fats - metabolism; Dietary Sucrose - metabolism; Endocrinology and metabolism; Fatty Acids - administration & dosage; Fatty Acids - blood; Fatty Acids - metabolism; Food and Nutrition; Fructose - administration & dosage; Fructose - metabolism; Human health and pathology; Life Sciences; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• ISSN: 1673-1581; 1862-1783
• DOI: 10.1631/jzus.B1100090

As the consumption of fructose and saturated fatty acids （FAs） has greatly increased in western diets and is linked with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a mod- erate （10 weeks） and a prolonged （30 weeks） high fructose and saturated fatty acid （HFS） diet on plasma FA com- position in rats. The effects of a few weeks of HFS diet had already been described, but in this paper we tried to es- tablish whether these effects persist or if they are modified after 10 or 30 weeks. We hypothesized that the plasma FA profile would be altered between 10 and 30 weeks of the HFS diet. Rats fed with either the HFS or a standard diet were tested after 10 weeks and again after 30 weeks. After 10 weeks of feeding, HFS-fed rats developed the metabolic syndrome, as manifested by an increase in fasting insulinemia, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, as well as by impaired glucose tolerance. Furthermore, the plasma FA profile of the HFS group showed higher proportions of monounsaturated FAs like palmitoleic acid [16：1（n-7）] and oleic acid [18：1（n-9）], whereas the proportions of some polyunsaturated n-6 FAs, such as linoleic acid [18：2（n-6）] and arachidonic acid [20：4（n-6）], were lower than those in the control group. After 30 weeks of the HFS diet, we observed changes mainly in the levels of 16：1（n-7） （decreased） and 20：4（n-6） （increased）. Together, our results suggest that an HFS diet could lead to an adaptive response of the plasma FA profile over time, in association with the development of the metabolic syndrome.