Risk factors for pseudogout in the general population

Objective. To evaluate the association between the purported risk factors for chondrocalcinosis and gout and the risk of pseudogout in the general population. Methods. We conducted a case-control study nested within a UK general practice database (The Health Improvement Network) by identifying incid...

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Published in:Rheumatology (Oxford, England) England), 2012-11, Vol.51 (11), p.2070-2074
Main Authors: YOUNG HEE RHO, YANYAN ZHU, YUQING ZHANG, REGINATO, Anthony M, CHOI, Hyon K
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Biological and medical sciences
Case-Control Studies
Chondrocalcinosis - epidemiology
Chondrocalcinosis - etiology
Clinical Science
Diseases of the osteoarticular system
Female
Humans
Hyperparathyroidism - epidemiology
Kidney Failure, Chronic - epidemiology
Male
Medical sciences
Miscellaneous. Osteoarticular involvement in other diseases
Recurrence
Risk Factors
Sodium Potassium Chloride Symporter Inhibitors - adverse effects
United Kingdom - epidemiology
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Summary:Objective. To evaluate the association between the purported risk factors for chondrocalcinosis and gout and the risk of pseudogout in the general population. Methods. We conducted a case-control study nested within a UK general practice database (The Health Improvement Network) by identifying incident cases of pseudogout between 1986 and 2007 and up to 10 control subjects matched to each case, based on age, sex and follow-up time. We evaluated the purported risk factors for chondrocalcinosis (i.e. OA, RA, hyperparathyroidism and diuretics) and established risk factors for gout (as comparison exposures) using conditional logistic regression analysis. Results. We identified 795 cases of pseudogout and 7770 matched control subjects. The risk of pseudogout was associated with hyperparathyroidism [odds ratio (OR) 4.87; 95% CI 2.10, 11.3], OA (OR 2.91; 95% CI 2.48, 3.43) and loop diuretic use (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.09, 1.67). RA, thiazide diuretic use, BMI and other gout risk factors were not associated with the risk of pseudogout, except for chronic renal failure (OR 2.29; 95% CI 1.30, 4.01). Conclusion. This general population study based on physician-recorded pseudogout suggests that most of the previously observed associations with chondrocalcinosis are replicable with the risk of pseudogout, but there are notable differences, such as thiazide diuretics, RA and chronic renal failure, highlighting the need to study the clinical outcome, pseudogout. Avoiding loop diuretics may help individuals with recurrent pseudogout.
ISSN:1462-0324
1462-0332
DOI:10.1093/rheumatology/kes204