Effects of transcranial focal electrical stimulation via tripolar concentric ring electrodes on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats

• Published in: Epilepsy research 2013-07, Vol.105 (1), p.42-51
• Main Authors: Besio, W.G, Makeyev, O, Medvedev, A, Gale, K
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anticonvulsants. Antiepileptics. Antiparkinson agents; Biological and medical sciences; EEG; Electric Stimulation Therapy - methods; Electrodes; Electroencephalography - methods; Epilepsy; Headache. Facial pains. Syncopes. Epilepsia. Intracranial hypertension. Brain oedema. Cerebral palsy; Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects); Male; Medical sciences; Nervous system; Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes); Neurology; Neuropharmacology; Neuroprotective agent; Pentylenetetrazole - toxicity; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; PTZ; Radiodiagnosis. Nmr imagery. Nmr spectrometry; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Seizure; Seizures - chemically induced; Seizures - physiopathology; Seizures - prevention & control; TCRE; TFS; Transcranial focal electrical stimulation; Treatment Outcome; Tripolar concentric ring electrode
• ISSN: 0920-1211; 1872-6844
• DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.12.002

Summary Purpose To study the effects of noninvasive transcranial focal electrical stimulation (TFS) via tripolar concentric ring electrodes (TCRE) on the electrographic and behavioral activity from pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in rats. Methods The TCREs were attached to the rat scalp. PTZ was administered and, after the first myoclonic jerk was observed, TFS was applied to the TFS treated group. The electroencephalogram (EEG) and behavioral activity were recorded and studied. Results In the case of the TFS treated group, after TFS, there was a significant ( p = 0.001) decrease in power compared to the control group in delta, theta, and alpha frequency bands. The number of myoclonic jerks was significantly different ( p = 0.002) with median of 22 and 4.5 for the control group and the TFS treated groups, respectively. The duration of myoclonic activity was also significantly different ( p = 0.031) with median of 17.56 min for the control group versus 8.63 min for the TFS treated group. At the same time there was no significant difference in seizure onset latency and maximal behavioral seizure activity score between control and TFS treated groups. Conclusions TFS via TCREs interrupted PTZ-induced seizures and electrographic activity was reduced toward the “baseline.” The significantly reduced electrographic power, number of myoclonic jerks, and duration of myoclonic activity of PTZ-induced seizures suggests that TFS may have an anticonvulsant effect.