Effect of Injection Routes on the Biodistribution, Clearance, and Tumor Uptake of Carbon Dots

The emergence of photoluminescent carbon-based nanomaterials has shown exciting potential in the development of benign nanoprobes. However, the in vivo kinetic behaviors of these particles that are necessary for clinical translation are poorly understood to date. In this study, fluorescent carbon do...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:ACS nano 2013-07, Vol.7 (7), p.5684-5693
Main Authors: Huang, Xinglu, Zhang, Fan, Zhu, Lei, Choi, Ki Young, Guo, Ning, Guo, Jinxia, Tackett, Kenneth, Anilkumar, Parambath, Liu, Gang, Quan, Qimeng, Choi, Hak Soo, Niu, Gang, Sun, Ya-Ping, Lee, Seulki, Chen, Xiaoyuan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Carbon
Carbon - chemistry
Carbon - pharmacokinetics
Clearances
In vivo testing
In vivo tests
Injections, Intramuscular
Injections, Intravenous
Injections, Subcutaneous
Materials Testing
Metabolic Clearance Rate
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Nanoparticles
Nanospheres
Nanostructure
Nanostructures - administration & dosage
Nanostructures - chemistry
Organ Specificity
Quantum Dots
Surgical implants
Tissue Distribution
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Summary:The emergence of photoluminescent carbon-based nanomaterials has shown exciting potential in the development of benign nanoprobes. However, the in vivo kinetic behaviors of these particles that are necessary for clinical translation are poorly understood to date. In this study, fluorescent carbon dots (C-dots) were synthesized and the effect of three injection routes on their fate in vivo was explored by using both near-infrared fluorescence and positron emission tomography imaging techniques. We found that C-dots are efficiently and rapidly excreted from the body after all three injection routes. The clearance rate of C-dots is ranked as intravenous > intramuscular > subcutaneous. The particles had relatively low retention in the reticuloendothelial system and showed high tumor-to-background contrast. Furthermore, different injection routes also resulted in different blood clearance patterns and tumor uptakes of C-dots. These results satisfy the need for clinical translation and should promote efforts to further investigate the possibility of using carbon-based nanoprobes in a clinical setting. More broadly, we provide a testing blueprint for in vivo behavior of nanoplatforms under various injection routes, an important step forward toward safety and efficacy analysis of nanoparticles.
ISSN:1936-0851
1936-086X
DOI:10.1021/nn401911k