Major Depressive Disorder, Cognitive Symptoms, and Neuropsychological Performance among Ethnically Diverse HIV+ Men and Women

Major depressive disorder (MDD), cognitive symptoms, and mild cognitive deficits commonly occur in HIV-infected individuals, despite highly active antiretroviral therapies. In this study, we compared neuropsychological performance and cognitive symptoms of 191 HIV-infected participants. Results indi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 2013-02, Vol.19 (2), p.216-225
Main Authors: Fellows, Robert P., Byrd, Desiree A., Morgello, Susan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Analysis of Variance
Antidepressants
CD4 Antigens
Cell Count
Chi-Square Distribution
Cognition Disorders - diagnosis
Cognition Disorders - etiology
Cognition Disorders - virology
Cognitive ability
Complaints
Depressive Disorder, Major - diagnosis
Depressive Disorder, Major - etiology
Depressive Disorder, Major - virology
Drug therapy
Drug use
Female
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - ethnology
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Infections
Interviews
Male
Memory
Mental depression
Middle Aged
Motor ability
Neuropsychological Tests
Older people
Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
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Summary:Major depressive disorder (MDD), cognitive symptoms, and mild cognitive deficits commonly occur in HIV-infected individuals, despite highly active antiretroviral therapies. In this study, we compared neuropsychological performance and cognitive symptoms of 191 HIV-infected participants. Results indicated that participants with a formal diagnosis of current MDD performed significantly worse than participants without MDD in all seven neuropsychological domains evaluated, with the largest effect sizes in information processing speed, learning, and memory. In addition, a brief assessment of cognitive symptoms, derived from a comprehensive neuromedical interview, correlated significantly with neurocognitive functioning. Participants with MDD reported more cognitive symptoms and showed greater neurocognitive deficits than participants without MDD. These findings indicate that HIV-infected adults with MDD have more cognitive symptoms and worse neuropsychological performance than HIV-infected individuals without MDD. The results of this study have important implications for the diagnosis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–10)
ISSN:1355-6177
1469-7661
DOI:10.1017/S1355617712001245