Hybrid supercapacitor-battery materials for fast electrochemical charge storage

High energy and high power electrochemical energy storage devices rely on different fundamental working principles - bulk vs. surface ion diffusion and electron conduction. Meeting both characteristics within a single or a pair of materials has been under intense investigations yet, severely hindere...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2014-03, Vol.4 (1), p.4315-4315, Article 4315
Main Authors: Vlad, A., Singh, N., Rolland, J., Melinte, S., Ajayan, P. M., Gohy, J.-F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/301/299/161/891
639/301/923/1028
639/638/440/950
639/638/455/957
Conduction
Electrochemistry
Electrodes
Electrolytes
Energy charge
Energy storage
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hybridization
multidisciplinary
Nitroxide
Oxidation
Polymers
Science
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Summary:High energy and high power electrochemical energy storage devices rely on different fundamental working principles - bulk vs. surface ion diffusion and electron conduction. Meeting both characteristics within a single or a pair of materials has been under intense investigations yet, severely hindered by intrinsic materials limitations. Here, we provide a solution to this issue and present an approach to design high energy and high power battery electrodes by hybridizing a nitroxide-polymer redox supercapacitor (PTMA) with a Li-ion battery material (LiFePO 4 ). The PTMA constituent dominates the hybrid battery charge process and postpones the LiFePO 4 voltage rise by virtue of its ultra-fast electrochemical response and higher working potential. We detail on a unique sequential charging mechanism in the hybrid electrode: PTMA undergoes oxidation to form high-potential redox species, which subsequently relax and charge the LiFePO 4 by an internal charge transfer process. A rate capability equivalent to full battery recharge in less than 5 minutes is demonstrated. As a result of hybrid's components synergy, enhanced power and energy density as well as superior cycling stability are obtained, otherwise difficult to achieve from separate constituents.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep04315