Current concept on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease-crosstalk between genetic and microbial factors： Pathogenic bacteria and altered bacterial sensing or changes in mucosal integrity take ＂toll

• Published in: World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 2006-03, Vol.12 (12), p.1829-1841
• Main Authors: Lakatos, Peter Laszlo, Fischer, Simon, Lakatos, Laszlo, Gal, Istvan, Papp, Janos
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - genetics; Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing - physiology; Clostridium difficile - physiology; Cytokines - genetics; Cytokines - physiology; Escherichia coli - physiology; Gene Expression Regulation; HLA Antigens - genetics; HLA Antigens - physiology; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - genetics; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - microbiology; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - physiopathology; Intestinal Mucosa - microbiology; Intestinal Mucosa - physiopathology; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - physiology; Lactobacillus - physiology; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - genetics; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors - physiology; Membrane Proteins - genetics; Membrane Proteins - physiology; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis - physiology; Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein; Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; Organic Cation Transport Proteins - genetics; Organic Cation Transport Proteins - physiology; Receptor Cross-Talk; Review; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; Toll-Like Receptor 4 - genetics; Toll-Like Receptor 4 - physiology; Toll-Like Receptors - genetics; Toll-Like Receptors - physiology; Tumor Suppressor Proteins - genetics; Tumor Suppressor Proteins - physiology; 微生物; 病理机制; 肠黏膜; 遗传因素
• ISSN: 1007-9327; 2219-2840
• DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i12.1829

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） is only partially understood. Various environmental and host （e.g. genetic-, epithelial-, immune and nonimmune） factors are involved. It is a multifactorial polygenic disease with probable genetic heterogeneity. Some genes are associated with IBD itself, while others increase the risk of ulcerative colitis （UC） or Crohn＇ s disease （CD） or are associated with disease location and/or behaviour. This review addresses recent advances in the genetics of IBD. The article discusses the current information on the crosstalk between microbial and genetic factors （e.g. NOD2/CARD15, SLC22A46A5 and DLG5）. The genetic data acquired in recent years help in understanding the pathogenesis of IBD and can identify a number of potential targets for therapeutic intervention. In the future, genetics may help more accurately diagnose and predict disease course in IBD.