Midbrain and hindbrain malformations: advances in clinical diagnosis, imaging, and genetics

Summary Historically, the midbrain and hindbrain have been considered of secondary importance to the cerebrum, which has typically been acknowledged as the most important part of the brain. In the past, radiologists and pathologists did not regularly examine these structures—also known as the brains...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Lancet neurology 2013-04, Vol.12 (4), p.381-393
Main Authors: Doherty, Dan, PhD, Millen, Kathleen J, PhD, Barkovich, A James, MD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Diagnostic Imaging - trends
Eye movements
Humans
Medical imaging
Mesencephalon - abnormalities
Mesencephalon - pathology
Mutation
Neuroimaging
Neurology
Rhombencephalon - abnormalities
Rhombencephalon - pathology
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:Summary Historically, the midbrain and hindbrain have been considered of secondary importance to the cerebrum, which has typically been acknowledged as the most important part of the brain. In the past, radiologists and pathologists did not regularly examine these structures—also known as the brainstem and cerebellum—because they are small and difficult to remove without damage. With recent developments in neuroimaging, neuropathology, and neurogenetics, many developmental disorders of the midbrain and hindbrain have emerged as causes of neurodevelopmental dysfunction. These research advances may change the way in which we treat these patients in the future and will enhance the clinical acumen of the practising neurologist and thereby improve the diagnosis and treatment of these patients.
ISSN:1474-4422
1474-4465
DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70024-3