Midlife insomnia and subsequent mortality: the Hordaland health study

Previous research suggests a possible link between insomnia and mortality, but findings are mixed and well-controlled studies are lacking. The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of insomnia in middle age on all-cause mortality. Using a cohort design with 13-15 years follow-up, mortal...

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Published in:BMC public health 2014-07, Vol.14 (1), p.720-720, Article 720
Main Authors: Sivertsen, Børge, Pallesen, Ståle, Glozier, Nick, Bjorvatn, Bjørn, Salo, Paula, Tell, Grethe S, Ursin, Reidun, Øverland, Simon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Analysis
Female
Gender
Humans
Insomnia
Male
Mens health
Middle Aged
Mortality
Norway - epidemiology
Older people
Population
Public health
Questionnaires
Registries
Risk Assessment
Risk factors
Sleep apnea syndromes
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - drug therapy
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - mortality
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - psychology
Studies
Surveys and Questionnaires
Variables
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Summary:Previous research suggests a possible link between insomnia and mortality, but findings are mixed and well-controlled studies are lacking. The aim of the current study was to examine the effect of insomnia in middle age on all-cause mortality. Using a cohort design with 13-15 years follow-up, mortality registry data were linked to health information obtained during 1997-99, as part of the community-based Hordaland Health Study (HUSK), in Western Norway. 6,236 participants aged 40-45 provided baseline information on self- reported insomnia using the Karolinska Sleep Questionnaire Scale (defined according to the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V), sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, shift/night-work, obstructive sleep apnea symptoms, sleep duration, sleep medication use, anxiety, depression, as well as a range of somatic diagnoses and symptoms. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Information on mortality was obtained from the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry. Insomnia was reported by 5.6% (349/6236) at baseline and a significant predictor of all-cause-mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.74 [95% CI:1.75-4.30]). Adjusting for all confounders did not attenuate the effect (HR = 3.34 [95% CI:1.67-6.69]). Stratifying by gender, the effect was especially strong in men (HR = 4.72 [95% CI:2.48-9.03]); but also significant in women (adjusted HR = 1.96 [95% CI:1.04-3.67]). The mortality risk among participants with both insomnia and short sleep duration (
ISSN:1471-2458
1471-2458
DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-14-720