Quantifying the ozone and ultraviolet benefits already achieved by the Montreal Protocol

Chlorine- and bromine-containing ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) are controlled by the 1987 Montreal Protocol. In consequence, atmospheric equivalent chlorine peaked in 1993 and has been declining slowly since then. Consistent with this, models project a gradual increase in stratospheric ozone wit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature communications 2015-05, Vol.6 (1), p.7233-7233, Article 7233
Main Authors: Chipperfield, M. P., Dhomse, S. S., Feng, W., McKenzie, R. L., Velders, G.J.M., Pyle, J. A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
119/118
704/106/35/824
Atmospheric chemistry
Atmospheric models
Bromine
Chemistry
Chlorine
Chlorofluorocarbons
Cold
Humanities and Social Sciences
Latitude
Montreal Protocol
multidisciplinary
Northern Hemisphere
Organic chemistry
Ozone
Ozone depletion
Ozone layer
Ozonosphere
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Stratosphere
Temperature
Three dimensional models
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Summary:Chlorine- and bromine-containing ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) are controlled by the 1987 Montreal Protocol. In consequence, atmospheric equivalent chlorine peaked in 1993 and has been declining slowly since then. Consistent with this, models project a gradual increase in stratospheric ozone with the Antarctic ozone hole expected to disappear by ∼2050. However, we show that by 2013 the Montreal Protocol had already achieved significant benefits for the ozone layer. Using a 3D atmospheric chemistry transport model, we demonstrate that much larger ozone depletion than observed has been avoided by the protocol, with beneficial impacts on surface ultraviolet. A deep Arctic ozone hole, with column values
ISSN:2041-1723
2041-1723
DOI:10.1038/ncomms8233