High butyric acid amounts induce oxidative stress, alter calcium homeostasis, and cause neurite retraction in nerve growth factor-treated PC12 cells

Butyric acid (BA) is a common secondary metabolite by-product produced by oral pathogenic bacteria and is detected in high amounts in the gingival tissue of patients with periodontal disease. Previous works have demonstrated that BA can cause oxidative stress in various cell types; however, this was...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell stress & chaperones 2015-07, Vol.20 (4), p.709-713
Main Authors: Cueno, Marni E., Kamio, Noriaki, Seki, Keisuke, Kurita-Ochiai, Tomoko, Ochiai, Kuniyasu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Butyric Acid - toxicity
Calcium
Calcium - metabolism
Cancer Research
Catalase - metabolism
Cell Biology
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids - pharmacology
Heme - metabolism
Homeostasis
Hydrogen Peroxide - metabolism
Immunology
Nerve Growth Factor - pharmacology
Neurites
Neurites - drug effects
Neurites - metabolism
Neurons
Neurosciences
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
PC12 Cells
Periodontal diseases
Rats
Reactive oxygen species
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Summary:Butyric acid (BA) is a common secondary metabolite by-product produced by oral pathogenic bacteria and is detected in high amounts in the gingival tissue of patients with periodontal disease. Previous works have demonstrated that BA can cause oxidative stress in various cell types; however, this was never explored using neuronal cells. Here, we exposed nerve growth factor (NGF)-treated PC12 cells to varying BA concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 5.0 mM). We measured total heme, H2O2, catalase, and calcium levels through biochemical assays and visualized the neurite outgrowth after BA treatment. Similarly, we determined the effects of other common periodontal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on neurite outgrowth for comparison. We found that high (1.0 and 5.0 mM) BA concentrations induced oxidative stress and altered calcium homeostasis, whereas low (0.5 mM) BA concentration had no significant effect. Moreover, compared to other SCFAs, we established that only BA was able to induce neurite retraction.
ISSN:1355-8145
1466-1268
DOI:10.1007/s12192-015-0584-1