Epigenetic Control of Stem Cell Potential during Homeostasis, Aging, and Disease

Stem cell decline is an important cellular driver of aging-associated pathophysiology in multiple tissues. Epigenetic regulation is central to establishing and maintaining stem cell function, and emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic dysregulation contributes to the altered potential of stem c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cell stem cell 2015-06, Vol.16 (6), p.613-625
Main Authors: Beerman, Isabel, Rossi, Derrick J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging - genetics
Disease - genetics
Epigenesis, Genetic
Histones - metabolism
Homeostasis - genetics
Humans
Stem Cells - metabolism
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Summary:Stem cell decline is an important cellular driver of aging-associated pathophysiology in multiple tissues. Epigenetic regulation is central to establishing and maintaining stem cell function, and emerging evidence indicates that epigenetic dysregulation contributes to the altered potential of stem cells during aging. Unlike terminally differentiated cells, the impact of epigenetic dysregulation in stem cells is propagated beyond self; alterations can be heritably transmitted to differentiated progeny, in addition to being perpetuated and amplified within the stem cell pool through self-renewal divisions. This Review focuses on recent studies examining epigenetic regulation of tissue-specific stem cells in homeostasis, aging, and aging-related disease. Aging-associated declines in tissue homeostasis are associated with decreased stem cell function, and increasing evidence suggests an important contribution of epigenetic dysregulation to this functional decline. In this Review, Beerman and Rossi discuss the role of epigenetic regulation of stem cell function during homeostasis, aging, and aging-related disease.
ISSN:1934-5909
1875-9777
DOI:10.1016/j.stem.2015.05.009