Prevalence and Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity among HIV-Infected Adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Background: Overweight and obesity are increasingly prevalent among HIV-infected populations. We describe their prevalence and associated risk factors among HIV-infected adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the proportion of patients who were...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care 2016-11, Vol.15 (6), p.512-521
Main Authors: Semu, Helen, Zack, Rachel M., Liu, Enju, Hertzmark, Ellen, Spiegelman, Donna, Sztam, Kevin, Hawkins, Claudia, Chalamila, Guerino, Muya, Aisa, Siril, Hellen, Mwiru, Ramadhani, Mtasiwa, Deo, Fawzi, Wafaie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Antiretroviral drugs
Antiretroviral therapy
CD4 Lymphocyte Count
Cross-Sectional Studies
Female
Health problems
Health risk assessment
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - epidemiology
HIV Infections - immunology
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Lentivirus
Male
Middle Aged
Mycobacterium
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - epidemiology
Overweight - complications
Overweight - epidemiology
Patients
Prevalence
Retroviridae
Risk Factors
Tanzania - epidemiology
Tests
Treatment Outcome
Tuberculosis
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Summary:Background: Overweight and obesity are increasingly prevalent among HIV-infected populations. We describe their prevalence and associated risk factors among HIV-infected adults in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the proportion of patients who were overweight or obese at enrollment to care and treatment centres from 2004 to 2011. Multivariate relative risk regression models were fit to identify risk factors. Results:  A total of 53 825 patients were included in the analysis. In all, 16% of women and 8% of men were overweight, while 7% and 2% were obese, respectively. In multivariate analyses, older age, higher CD4 count, higher hemoglobin levels, female sex, and being married were associated with obesity and overweight. World Health Organization HIV disease stage, tuberculosis history, and previous antiretroviral therapy were inversely associated with obesity and overweight. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity were highly prevalent among HIV-infected patients. Screening for overweight and obesity and focused interventions should be integrated into HIV care.
ISSN:2325-9582
2325-9574
2325-9582
DOI:10.1177/2325957414542574