Effect of pomegranate seed oil against gentamicin -induced nephrotoxicity in rat

• Published in: Journal of food science and technology 2014-11, Vol.51 (11), p.3510-3514
• Main Authors: Boroushaki, Mohammad Taher, Asadpour, Elham, Sadeghnia, Hamid Reza, Dolati, Karim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Analysis; Antibiotics; Antimicrobial agents; Bacteria; Bacterial diseases; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Creatinine; Food; Food processing industry; Food Science; Fruits; Glucose; Kidney diseases; Kidneys; Laboratory animals; Lipid peroxidation; Lipids; Medical research; Medicine; Nutrition; Oils & fats; Original; Original Article; Proteins; Reagents; Seeds; Statistical analysis; Studies; Urea; Urine; Variance analysis; Vegetable oils; Vitamin E
• ISSN: 0022-1155; 0975-8402
• DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0881-y

Gentamicin, an important aminoglycoside, is used to treat many types of bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Gram-negative organisms. It is a nephrotoxic antibiotic, which causes acute tubular necrosis, and its toxicity remains a major problem in clinical use. This study investigates the effect of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in adult male rats. Animals were randomly divided into four groups. Group one was treated with saline (1 ml/kg, i.p.), group 2 received gentamicin 80 mg/kg/day for 6 days and groups 3 and 4 received PSO 0.32 and 0.64 mg/kg/day i.p. respectively, 1 h before gentamicin. Serum urea, creatinine levels, urinary glucose and protein concentrations were evaluated as the markers of acute renal failure. Renal antioxidant indicators such as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS), and total thiol contents, were also determined. A significant elevation of serum creatinine and urea levels as well as urine glucose and protein concentrations were observed in gentamicin treated group. Gentamicin also caused a significant decrease in total thiol content and a significant increase in TBARS levels in kidney homogenate samples. PSO pretreatment resulted in a significant and dose-dependent decrease in serum creatinine and urea levels as well as urine glucose and protein concentrations when compared with gentamicin treated alone. PSO also significantly reversed the gentamicin-induced depletion in total thiol content and elevation in TBARS in kidney homogenate samples. The results of the present study indicate that PSO clearly attenuated gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity, but elucidation of the mechanism(s) of this protection needs more investigation.