CYLD and the NEMO Zinc Finger Regulate Tumor Necrosis Factor Signaling and Early Embryogenesis

• Published in: The Journal of biological chemistry 2015-09, Vol.290 (36), p.22076-22084
• Main Authors: Zhao, Yongge, Ma, Chi A., Wu, Liming, Iwai, Kazuhiro, Ashwell, Jonathan D., Oltz, Eugene M., Ballard, Dean W., Jain, Ashish
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Apoptosis - drug effects; Apoptosis - genetics; Blotting, Western; cell signaling; Cells, Cultured; CYLD; Embryo, Mammalian - cytology; Embryonic Development - genetics; Fibroblasts - cytology; Fibroblasts - drug effects; Fibroblasts - metabolism; immunodeficiency; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - genetics; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins - metabolism; Mice, Knockout; NEMO; NF-kappa B - genetics; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NF-κB (NF-KB); Protein Binding; protein complex; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I - genetics; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I - metabolism; Signal Transduction; Signal Transduction - drug effects; Signal Transduction - genetics; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2 - genetics; TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2 - metabolism; tumor necrosis factor (TNF); Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha - pharmacology; Tumor Suppressor Proteins - genetics; Tumor Suppressor Proteins - metabolism; Zinc Fingers - genetics
• ISSN: 0021-9258; 1083-351X
• DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M115.658096

NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO) and cylindromatosis protein (CYLD) are intracellular proteins that regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway. Although mice with either CYLD deficiency or an alteration in the zinc finger domain of NEMO (K392R) are born healthy, we found that the combination of these two gene defects in double mutant (DM) mice is early embryonic lethal but can be rescued by the absence of TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1). Notably, NEMO was not recruited into the TNFR1 complex of DM cells, and consequently NF-κB induction by TNF was severely impaired and DM cells were sensitized to TNF-induced cell death. Interestingly, the TNF signaling defects can be fully rescued by reconstitution of DM cells with CYLD lacking ubiquitin hydrolase activity but not with CYLD mutated in TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2) or NEMO binding sites. Therefore, our data demonstrate an unexpected non-catalytic function for CYLD as an adapter protein between TRAF2 and the NEMO zinc finger that is important for TNF-induced NF-κB signaling during embryogenesis. Background: Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) regulates expression of genes responsible for cell survival and immunity. Results: Cylindromatosis (CYLD) protein activated NF-κB through interaction with other pathway proteins. Conclusion: The non-catalytic function of CYLD is important for TNF-induced NF-κB signaling during embryogenesis. Significance: Our findings may explain some of the developmental and immunologic findings in patients with immune deficiency disorders.