Effects of Exercise Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Guidelines recommend exercise for cardiovascular health, although evidence from trials linking exercise to cardiovascular health through intermediate biomarkers remains inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to quantify the impact of exercise on cardiorespiratory...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American Heart Association 2015-07, Vol.4 (7)
Main Authors: Lin, Xiaochen, Zhang, Xi, Guo, Jianjun, Roberts, Christian K, McKenzie, Steve, Wu, Wen-Chih, Liu, Simin, Song, Yiqing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age Factors
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biomarkers - blood
Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control
Exercise
Female
Health Status
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Original Research
Physical Fitness
Prognosis
Protective Factors
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Risk Reduction Behavior
Sex Factors
Young Adult
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Guidelines recommend exercise for cardiovascular health, although evidence from trials linking exercise to cardiovascular health through intermediate biomarkers remains inconsistent. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to quantify the impact of exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness and a variety of conventional and novel cardiometabolic biomarkers in adults without cardiovascular disease. Two researchers selected 160 randomized controlled trials (7487 participants) based on literature searches of Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central (January 1965 to March 2014). Data were extracted using a standardized protocol. A random-effects meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on cardiorespiratory fitness and circulating biomarkers. Exercise significantly raised absolute and relative cardiorespiratory fitness. Lipid profiles were improved in exercise groups, with lower levels of triglycerides and higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A1. Lower levels of fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c were found in exercise groups. Compared with controls, exercise groups had higher levels of interleukin-18 and lower levels of leptin, fibrinogen, and angiotensin II. In addition, we found that the exercise effects were modified by age, sex, and health status such that people aged
ISSN:2047-9980
2047-9980
DOI:10.1161/JAHA.115.002014