Innate and adaptive cellular phenotypes contributing to pulmonary disease in mice after respiratory syncytial virus immunization and infection

• Published in: Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2015-11, Vol.485, p.36-46
• Main Authors: Lee, Young-Tae, Kim, Ki-Hye, Hwang, Hye Suk, Lee, Youri, Kwon, Young-Man, Ko, Eun-Ju, Jung, Yu-Jin, Lee, Yu-Na, Kim, Min-Chul, Kang, Sang-Moo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adaptive Immunity; Alveolar macrophages; Animals; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - pathology; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - virology; Clodronate liposome; Clodronic Acid - pharmacology; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Dendritic Cells - pathology; Dendritic Cells - virology; Eosinophils - immunology; Eosinophils - pathology; Eosinophils - virology; Female; Formaldehyde; Formalin-inactivated RSV; Immunity, Innate; Immunization; Infectious Disease; Interleukin-4 - biosynthesis; Liposomes - pharmacology; Lung - drug effects; Lung - immunology; Lung - pathology; Lung - virology; Macrophages, Alveolar - drug effects; Macrophages, Alveolar - immunology; Macrophages, Alveolar - pathology; Macrophages, Alveolar - virology; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neutrophils - immunology; Neutrophils - pathology; Neutrophils - virology; Phenotype; Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - immunology; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - pathology; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - prevention & control; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections - virology; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines - administration & dosage; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses; Vaccine; Vaccines, Inactivated
• ISSN: 0042-6822; 1096-0341
• DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.07.001

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the major leading cause of infantile viral bronchiolitis. However, cellular phenotypes contributing to the RSV protection and vaccine-enhanced disease remain largely unknown. Upon RSV challenge, we analyzed phenotypes and cellularity in the lung of mice that were naïve, immunized with formalin inactivated RSV (FI-RSV), or re-infected with RSV. In comparison with naïve and live RSV re-infected mice, the high levels of eosinophils, neutrophils, plasmacytoid and CD11b+ dendritic cells, and IL-4+ CD4+ T cells were found to be contributing to pulmonary inflammation in FI-RSV immune mice despite lung viral clearance. Alveolar macrophages appeared to play differential roles in protection and inflammation upon RSV infection of different RSV immune mice. These results suggest that multiple innate and adaptive immune components differentially contribute to RSV disease and inflammation.