An update to the toxicological profile for water-soluble and sparingly soluble tungsten substances

Abstract Tungsten is a relatively rare metal with numerous applications, most notably in machine tools, catalysts, and superalloys. In 2003, tungsten was nominated for study under the National Toxicology Program, and in 2011, it was nominated for human health assessment under the US Environmental Pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Critical reviews in toxicology 2015-05, Vol.45 (5), p.388-411
Main Authors: Lemus, Ranulfo, Venezia, Carmen F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Humans
Occupational Exposure - adverse effects
Review
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
sodium tungstate
Solubility
toxicity
Toxicity Tests
tungsten
tungsten carbide
Tungsten Compounds - chemistry
Tungsten Compounds - pharmacokinetics
Tungsten Compounds - toxicity
Water - chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry
Water Pollutants, Chemical - pharmacokinetics
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
wolfram
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Summary:Abstract Tungsten is a relatively rare metal with numerous applications, most notably in machine tools, catalysts, and superalloys. In 2003, tungsten was nominated for study under the National Toxicology Program, and in 2011, it was nominated for human health assessment under the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System. In 2005, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) issued a toxicological profile for tungsten, identifying several data gaps in the hazard assessment of tungsten. By filling the data gaps identified by the ATSDR, this review serves as an update to the toxicological profile for tungsten and tungsten substances. A PubMed literature search was conducted to identify reports published during the period 2004-2014, in order to gather relevant information related to tungsten toxicity. Additional information was also obtained directly from unpublished studies from within the tungsten industry. A systematic approach to evaluate the quality of data was conducted according to published criteria. This comprehensive review has gathered new toxicokinetic information and summarizes the details of acute and repeated-exposure studies that include reproductive, developmental, neurotoxicological, and immunotoxicological endpoints. Such new evidence involves several relevant studies that must be considered when regulators estimate and propose a tungsten reference or concentration dose.
ISSN:1040-8444
1547-6898
DOI:10.3109/10408444.2014.1003422