Effects of Economic Hardship: Testing the Family Stress Model Over Time

The current study evaluated connections between marital distress, harsh parenting, and child externalizing behaviors in line with predictions from the Family Stress Model (FSM). Prospective, longitudinal data came from 273 mothers, fathers, and children participating when the child was 2, between 3...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of family psychology 2016-02, Vol.30 (1), p.12-21
Main Authors: Neppl, Tricia K, Senia, Jennifer M, Donnellan, M. Brent
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Behavior
Behaviour disordered children
Child
Child Behavior Disorders - epidemiology
Child Characteristics
Child, Preschool
Childhood
Children & youth
Distress
Economic hardship
Economics
Emotional distress
Emotions
Externalization
Externalizing behaviour
Families & family life
Family
Family Conflict - psychology
Family relations
Female
Financial Strain
Harsh
Human
Humans
Male
Marriage
Models, Psychological
Parenting
Parenting - psychology
Parents & parenting
Parents - psychology
Poverty - psychology
Prospective Studies
Psychological distress
Self report
Stress
Stress, Psychological - epidemiology
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Summary:The current study evaluated connections between marital distress, harsh parenting, and child externalizing behaviors in line with predictions from the Family Stress Model (FSM). Prospective, longitudinal data came from 273 mothers, fathers, and children participating when the child was 2, between 3 and 5, and between 6 and 10 years old. Assessments included observational and self-report measures. Information regarding economic hardship and economic pressure were assessed during toddlerhood, and parental emotional distress, couple conflict, and harsh parenting were collected during early childhood. Child externalizing behavior was assessed during both toddlerhood and middle childhood. Results were consistent with predictions from the FSM in that economic hardship led to economic pressure, which was associated with parental emotional distress and couple conflict. This conflict was associated with harsh parenting and child problem behavior. This pathway remained statistically significant controlling for externalizing behavior in toddlerhood.
ISSN:0893-3200
1939-1293
DOI:10.1037/fam0000168