Phase equilibria in the ternary In–Ni–Sn system at 700 °C

• Published in: Intermetallics 2013-04, Vol.35, p.90-97
• Main Authors: Schmetterer, C., Zemanova, A., Flandorfer, H., Kroupa, A., Ipser, H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: A. Intermetallics, miscellaneous; B. Phase diagrams; E. Phase diagram, prediction
• ISSN: 0966-9795; 1879-0216
• DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2012.11.021

The phase equilibria of the ternary system In–Ni–Sn were investigated experimentally at 700 °C using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including electron micro probe analysis (EMPA) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). A corresponding isothermal section was established based on these results. This particular temperature was chosen because it allowed obtaining reliable results within reasonable time. The existence of the ternary phase InNi6Sn5 was confirmed whereas the ternary compound In2NiSn, reported earlier in literature, was found to be part of a large solid solution field based on binary InNi. The ternary solubility of the binary phases was established, and continuous solid solutions were found between the isostructural phases Ni3Sn LT and InNi3 as well as between Ni3Sn2 HT and InNi2. In addition, this isothermal section could be well reproduced by CALPHAD modelling. The resulting calculated isotherm at 700 °C is presented, too, and compared with the experimental results. ► The In–Ni–Sn system was studied experimentally (SEM, EPMA, XRD) in the entire composition range at 700 °C. ► A full isothermal section at 700 °C was established based on the experimental results. ► Solid solution ranges of ternary phases were characterized using SEM, EPMA and XRD. ► The isotherm at 700 °C was calculated using the CALPHAD method.