fMRI and MRS measures of neuroplasticity in the pharyngeal motor cortex

Paired associative stimulation (PAS), is a novel non-invasive technique where two neural substrates are employed in a temporally coordinated manner in order to modulate cortico-motor excitability within the motor cortex (M1). In swallowing, combined pharyngeal electrical and transcranial-magnetic-st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:NeuroImage (Orlando, Fla.) Fla.), 2015-08, Vol.117, p.1-10
Main Authors: Michou, Emilia, Williams, Steve, Vidyasagar, Rishma, Downey, Darragh, Mistry, Satish, Edden, Richard A.E., Hamdy, Shaheen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Brain Mapping
Brain research
Cortex
Deglutition
Dysphagia
Electromyography
Evoked Potentials, Motor
Female
GABA
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid - metabolism
Humans
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Male
Metabolites
Motor Cortex - metabolism
Motor Cortex - physiology
Neural networks
Neuronal Plasticity
Neuroplasticity
Paired associative stimulation
Pharyngeal Muscles - physiology
Pharynx
Spectrum analysis
Stroke
Studies
Swallowing
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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Summary:Paired associative stimulation (PAS), is a novel non-invasive technique where two neural substrates are employed in a temporally coordinated manner in order to modulate cortico-motor excitability within the motor cortex (M1). In swallowing, combined pharyngeal electrical and transcranial-magnetic-stimulation induced beneficial neurophysiological and behavioural effects in healthy subjects and dysphagic stroke patients. Here, we aimed to investigate the whole-brain changes in neural activation during swallowing using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) following PAS application and in parallel assess associated GABA changes with magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Healthy adults (n=11, 38±9years old) were randomised to receive real and sham PAS to the ‘stronger’ motor cortex pharyngeal representation, on 2 separate visits. Following PAS, event-related fMRI was performed to assess changes in brain activation in response to water and saliva swallowing and during rest. Data were analysed (SPM8) at P
ISSN:1053-8119
1095-9572
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.007