Allergens stimulate store-operated calcium entry and cytokine production in airway epithelial cells

Aberrant immune responses to environmental allergens including insect allergens from house dust mites and cockroaches contribute to allergic inflammatory diseases such as asthma in susceptible individuals. Airway epithelial cells (AECs) play a critical role in this process by sensing the proteolytic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2016-09, Vol.6 (1), p.32311-32311, Article 32311
Main Authors: Jairaman, Amit, Maguire, Chelsea H., Schleimer, Robert P., Prakriya, Murali
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
631/250/256/2515
631/443/1784
Allergens
Allergies
Asthma
Calcineurin
Calcium channels
Calcium influx
Calcium signalling
Epithelial cells
House dust
Humanities and Social Sciences
Immune response
Inflammatory diseases
Interleukin 6
Interleukin 8
Mites
multidisciplinary
NF-AT protein
Orai1 protein
Proteolysis
Respiratory tract
Science
STIM1 protein
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Summary:Aberrant immune responses to environmental allergens including insect allergens from house dust mites and cockroaches contribute to allergic inflammatory diseases such as asthma in susceptible individuals. Airway epithelial cells (AECs) play a critical role in this process by sensing the proteolytic activity of allergens via protease-activated receptors (PAR2) to initiate inflammatory and immune responses in the airway. Elevation of cytosolic Ca 2+ is an important signaling event in this process, yet the fundamental mechanism by which allergens induce Ca 2+ elevations in AECs remains poorly understood. Here we find that extracts from dust mite and cockroach induce sustained Ca 2+ elevations in AECs through the activation of Ca 2+ release-activated Ca 2+ (CRAC) channels encoded by Orai1 and STIM1. CRAC channel activation occurs, at least in part, through allergen mediated stimulation of PAR2 receptors. The ensuing Ca 2+ entry then activates NFAT/calcineurin signaling to induce transcriptional production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. These findings highlight a key role for CRAC channels as regulators of allergen induced inflammatory responses in the airway.
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep32311