Weighing Scale-Based Pulse Transit Time is a Superior Marker of Blood Pressure than Conventional Pulse Arrival Time

Pulse transit time (PTT) is being widely pursued for cuff-less blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Most efforts have employed the time delay between ECG and finger photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms as a convenient surrogate of PTT. However, these conventional pulse arrival time (PAT) measurements inc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Scientific reports 2016-12, Vol.6 (1), p.39273-39273, Article 39273
Main Authors: Martin, Stephanie L.-O., Carek, Andrew M., Kim, Chang-Sei, Ashouri, Hazar, Inan, Omer T., Hahn, Jin-Oh, Mukkamala, Ramakrishna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/166/985
692/4019
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9/10
Adult
Arteries
Ballistocardiography
Blood pressure
Blood Pressure - physiology
Correlation coefficient
EKG
Electrocardiography
Feet
Fingers - physiology
Heart Rate - physiology
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Male
Monitoring, Physiologic
multidisciplinary
Muscle contraction
Photoplethysmography
Pulse Wave Analysis
Science
Smooth muscle
Young Adult
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Summary:Pulse transit time (PTT) is being widely pursued for cuff-less blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Most efforts have employed the time delay between ECG and finger photoplethysmography (PPG) waveforms as a convenient surrogate of PTT. However, these conventional pulse arrival time (PAT) measurements include the pre-ejection period (PEP) and the time delay through small, muscular arteries and may thus be an unreliable marker of BP. We assessed a bathroom weighing scale-like system for convenient measurement of ballistocardiography and foot PPG waveforms – and thus PTT through larger, more elastic arteries – in terms of its ability to improve tracking of BP in individual subjects. We measured “scale PTT”, conventional PAT, and cuff BP in humans during interventions that increased BP but changed PEP and smooth muscle contraction differently. Scale PTT tracked the diastolic BP changes well, with correlation coefficient of −0.80 ± 0.02 (mean ± SE) and root-mean-squared-error of 7.6 ± 0.5 mmHg after a best-case calibration. Conventional PAT was significantly inferior in tracking these changes, with correlation coefficient of −0.60 ± 0.04 and root-mean-squared-error of 14.6 ± 1.5 mmHg (p 
ISSN:2045-2322
2045-2322
DOI:10.1038/srep39273