Cacna1g is a genetic modifier of epilepsy in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome

• Published in: Epilepsia (Copenhagen) 2017-08, Vol.58 (8), p.e111-e115
• Main Authors: Calhoun, Jeffrey D., Hawkins, Nicole A., Zachwieja, Nicole J., Kearney, Jennifer A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal models; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body temperature; Calcium; Calcium channels (T-type); Calcium channels (voltage-gated); Calcium Channels, T-Type - genetics; Calcium Channels, T-Type - metabolism; Clonal deletion; Disease Models, Animal; Electroencephalography; Encephalopathy; Epilepsies, Myoclonic - complications; Epilepsies, Myoclonic - etiology; Epilepsies, Myoclonic - genetics; Epilepsy; Fever - complications; Gene deletion; Genetics; Genotype & phenotype; Humans; Hyperthermia; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mouse model; Mutation - genetics; RNA, Messenger - metabolism; Rodents; Seizures; Sodium channels; Sodium channels (voltage-gated); Temperature effects; Voltage‐gated calcium channels; Voltage‐gated ion channels
• ISSN: 0013-9580; 1528-1167
• DOI: 10.1111/epi.13811

Summary Dravet syndrome, an early onset epileptic encephalopathy, is most often caused by de novo mutation of the neuronal voltage‐gated sodium channel gene SCN1A. Mouse models with deletion of Scn1a recapitulate Dravet syndrome phenotypes, including spontaneous generalized tonic–clonic seizures, susceptibility to seizures induced by elevated body temperature, and elevated risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. Importantly, the epilepsy phenotype of Dravet mouse models is highly strain‐dependent, suggesting a strong influence of genetic modifiers. We previously identified Cacna1g, encoding the Cav3.1 subunit of the T‐type calcium channel family, as an epilepsy modifier in the Scn2aQ54 transgenic epilepsy mouse model. In this study, we asked whether transgenic alteration of Cacna1g expression modifies severity of the Scn1a+/− Dravet phenotype. Scn1a+/− mice with decreased Cacna1g expression showed partial amelioration of disease phenotypes with improved survival and reduced spontaneous seizure frequency. However, reduced Cacna1g expression did not alter susceptibility to hyperthermia‐induced seizures. Transgenic elevation of Cacna1g expression had no effect on the Scn1a+/− epilepsy phenotype. These results provide support for Cacna1g as a genetic modifier in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome and suggest that Cav3.1 may be a potential molecular target for therapeutic intervention in patients.