Increased monocyte‐derived reactive oxygen species in type 2 diabetes: role of endoplasmic reticulum stress

New Findings What is the central question of this study? Patients with type 2 diabetes exhibit increased oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, including monocytes; however, the mechanisms remain unknown. What is the main finding and its importance? The main finding of this study is...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Experimental physiology 2017-02, Vol.102 (2), p.139-153
Main Authors: Restaino, Robert M., Deo, Shekhar H., Parrish, Alan R., Fadel, Paul J., Padilla, Jaume
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Case-Control Studies
Cell Adhesion - physiology
Cells, Cultured
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Endoplasmic Reticulum - metabolism
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress - physiology
endothelial cell adhesion
Endothelial Cells - metabolism
Humans
Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism
lipid uptake
Middle Aged
Monocytes - metabolism
NADPH oxidase
NADPH Oxidases - metabolism
oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - physiology
PBMCs
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
THP-1 Cells - metabolism
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Summary:New Findings What is the central question of this study? Patients with type 2 diabetes exhibit increased oxidative stress in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, including monocytes; however, the mechanisms remain unknown. What is the main finding and its importance? The main finding of this study is that factors contained within the plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes can contribute to increased oxidative stress in monocytes, making them more adherent to endothelial cells. We show that these effects are largely mediated by the interaction between endoplasmic reticulum stress and NADPH oxidase activity. Recent evidence suggests that exposure of human monocytes to glucolipotoxic media to mimic the composition of plasma of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) results in the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers and formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The extent to which these findings translate to patients with T2D remains unclear. Thus, we first measured ROS (dihydroethidium fluorescence) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from whole blood of T2D patients (n = 8) and compared the values with age‐matched healthy control subjects (n = 8). The T2D patients exhibited greater basal intracellular ROS (mean ± SD, +3.4 ± 1.4‐fold; P 
ISSN:0958-0670
1469-445X
DOI:10.1113/EP085794